体育学刊

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青少年优秀拳击运动员身体成分生理机能相对指标特征与聚类分析
张莉，马维民

浏览次数 36050 　

(新疆伊犁师范学院体育系，新疆伊宁835000)
摘要：通过对5个民族11名15～17岁拳击运动员15项身体成分、生理机能指标测定，与同一运动学校由多民族组成的足球、中长跑、射击项目同龄运动员5项身体成分指标和4项生理机能指标 ([AKx-]±s)作差异显著性检验。检验结果显示：拳击运动员具有肌肉发达、等长瘦体重大和等长负荷脂肪量较大的特征。生理机能指标表现为肺活量绝对值大，肺活量/体重相对低（但差异无显著性意义）。说明青少年拳击运动员的体质偏向力量和耐力力量型。对其7项身体成分、生理机能派生指标作了聚类分析。结果显示：重量比率类、身高等重量类、呼吸机能类相对指标间有明显的类型特征，并存在一定的内在联系。
关键词：拳击；聚类分析；相对指标；青少年
中图分类号：G8861文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-7116(2006)01-0068-04

An analysis of characteristics and classification of relative indices of physical compositions and physiological functions of excellent teenage boxers
ZHANG Li， MA Wei-min

(Department of Physical Education,Yili Teacher's College，Yining 835000，China)
Abstract: By measuring 15 indices of physical compositions and physiological functions of 11 ages 15～17 boxers from 5 nationalities, and by performing the test of significance of difference between the said indices and 5 indices of physical compositions & 4 indices of physiological functions (〖AKx-〗±s) of athletes who were at the same age,trained for soccer,middle and long distance race and shooting events in the same sports school,and consisting of multiple nationalities,the authors revealed the following findings: The boxers were characterized with better developed muscles,a heavier body weight as per the same height and physique,and a higher fat content as per the same height and load; in terms of indices of physiological functions,they had absolutely higher vital capacity, and a relatively lower ratio of vital capacity to body weight (but the difference has no meaning of significance); it was shown that the physical constitution of teenage boxers were prone to strength type and strength stamina type. The author also analyzed the classification of 7 derivative indices of physical compositions and physiological functions,and revealed the following findings: Obvious type characteristics and a certain intrinsic linkage existed in between relative indices in weight ratio category,height/weight category,and respiratory func
tion category.
Key words:boxing; analysis of classification; relative index; teenager

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