(School of Physical Education,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006,China) Abstract: In order to observe the basic characteristics of the morphological structure and lymphocyte apoptosis of Peyer’s patches of rats during 6-week exercising with an increasing load, the authors divided 64 male SD rats into an exercise group and a control group, put the rats in the exercise group on a treadmill for 6-week exercising with an increasing load, observed the change of the number of Peyer’s patches and the morphological change of Peyer’s patches at the end of weeks 0, 2, 4 and 6 respectively, and probed into the effects of the expressions of lymphocytes Bax and Bcl-2 and the levels of SOD and MDA on lymphocyte apoptosis. The authors revealed the following find-ings: 1) the number of Peyer’s patches showed a trend of decreasing followed by increasing; 2) the change of the structure of Peyer’s patches mainly occurred in the germinal center and the dome zone (B cell zone); in weeks 2~4, rupturing belts appeared in the germinal center of Peyer’s patches, bubbles appeared at the top of the dome, the con-ditions were somewhat restored in week 6; 3) the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2 increased, which suggested that lymphocyte apoptosis increased, and mainly occurred in the germinal center of Peyer’s patches; 4) the generation of free radicals induced by exercising may be one of the mechanisms of intestinal lymphocyte apoptosis. Key words: sports biochemistry;sports immunity;immunohistochemistry;Peyer’s patch;lymphocyte apoptosis;free radical
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