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传统武术四时观的文化形成与现代阐释
李守培1，2，米晓宇1，孙富强1，向春玉3

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(1.上海体育大学武术学院，上海 200438；2.上海体育大学中国体育历史研究院，上海 200438；

3.广东科学技术职业学院体育健康学院，广东珠海 519090)

摘要：为加快提炼中华优秀武术文化精髓，融通中国传统哲学与西方现代时间生物学，对传统武术四时观展开深入剖析。研究认为传统武术四时观在战国时期已初步形成，其不断发展受习武者对四时的生活感知和文化承袭、对康养之法与技击之道的孜孜追求、对天地之理乃至生命本源的终极追问所影响，展现出人性与天道贯通的哲学本质，以及顺天应时的生命和谐观、以时统空的生命时空观、无往不复的生命变易观、契之以节的生命节律观等内涵。时间生物学可从现代科学的角度，较好论证传统武术四时观的合理性，提出精准化、层次化、标准化的发展要求。新时代弘扬传统武术四时观，可从知识重建的维度发掘深层文化内涵，助力构建中华优秀传统文化传承发展体系；从伦理教育的角度彰显其内在精神追求，塑造习武者新的生命秩序；从置身世界的方式体验其安身安心之道，助力现代人找回内心安宁；从天人和谐的视野激活其文化认同价值，推进构建人类命运共同体；从生命关怀的立场承续其生命文化观念，促进现代人提高生命质量。

关键词：传统武术；四时观；时间生物学；和谐观；时空观；变易观；节律观

中图分类号：G852 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-7116(2023)04-0011-09

Cultural formation and modern interpretation of the four seasons view for the traditional Wushu
LI Shoupei1, 2，MI Xiaoyu1，SUN Fuqiang1，XIANG Chunyu3

(1.School of Wushu，Shanghai University of Sport，Shanghai 200438，China；

2.Academy of Chinese Sport History，Shanghai University of Sport，Shanghai 200438，China；

3.School of Sports and Health，Guangdong Polytechnic of Science and Technology，Zhuhai 519090，China)

Abstract: In order to accelerate the distillation of the essence from excellent Chinese Wushu culture, and integrate traditional Chinese philosophy and modern western chronobiology, the four seasons view of traditional Wushu is deeply analyzed by this work. According to the study, the concept of the four seasons of traditional wushu had taken shape in the Warring States period, and it's developing under the influence of martial artists' perception of life and cultural inheritance of the four seasons, their pursuit of the methods of rehabilitation and attack, and their ultimate questioning of the principle of heaven and earth and even the origin of life, which reveals the philosophical essence of the connection between human nature and natural law, the harmony of life in accordance with the times, the view of life in space and time, the ever-changing view of life and the view of life rhythm. From the perspective of modern science, chronobiology could better demonstrate the rationality of the four seasons view for traditional Wushu, and also puts forward the development requirements of precision, hierarchy, standardization. In the new era, the four seasons view of traditional Wushu can be greatly carried forward from the perspective of knowledge reconstruction, exploring its deep cultural connotation and helping to build the inheritance and development system of excellent Chinese traditional culture; from the perspective of ethical education, highlighting its inner spiritual pursuit and shaping a new life order for Wushu practitioners; from the way of being in the world, experiencing its way of peace of mind and helping modern people find their inner peace; from the perspective of harmony between man and nature, activating its value of cultural identity and promoting the construction of human destiny community; and from the standpoint of life care, continuing its concept of life culture and promoting modern people to improve their quality of life.

Keywords: traditional Wushu；four seasons view；chronobiology；harmony view；time and space view；alter view；rhythm view

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