| (School of Physical Education，Huaibei Normal University，Huaibei 235000，China) Abstract: Following the theoretical explanation of paternalistic negotiation, using the methods of participatory observation and interview, this paper discusses the attitudes, roles, responsibilities, and action characteristics of parents in physical education after-class services under the "double reduction" policy. The research suggests that there is an intersection between children's health status and exercise habits, and the strength of their health status and exercise habits would affect parents' attitudes towards physical education after-class services. In terms of time dimension, based on parent-child relationship, self, and home school negotiations, parents have gone through a cognitive evolution process from "unprecedented new experiences" to "not as good as imagined", and then to "negotiating more ways of participation". Currently, parents who participate in physical education after-class services are trapped in a dilemma between the old and new order, bearing multiple pressures from their children's physical health, skill acquisition, culture learning, and their own expectations, and also taking the following actions to reconstruct rational self: reconstructing participation roles by observation, negotiation, and proposing advice; emphasizing experience, problems, and performance to reconstruct a sense of responsibility; relying on other people, compromise, and mutual interaction to reconstruct decision-making mechanisms. Keywords: physical education after-class service；paternalism；rational self；"double reduction" policy
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